There has been some grumbling in the enterprise content management (ECM) space in recent days. It started with a quiet announcement on Gartner’s blog stating, “ECM is now dead (kaput, finite, an ex-market name). It’s been replaced by the term Content Services.”
It should be expected that a term that defined not only a market but the careers of hundreds of thousands of individuals for 17 years would not die so easily. So, why the passionate debate? Let’s take a look back.
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The Birth of ECM
ECM has its roots back in 2000, when enterprise document management (EDM) vendors began to merge the functionalities of separate types of content repositories together. ECM brought together EDM, web content management (WCM), and digital asset management (DAM). This change was big enough to require a shift in the market definition, and so, ECM was born.
ECM brought with it two messages: First, it acknowledged that the content supported by these three previously separate platforms shared common business requirements. Documents, web pages, and even rich media needed to support version control, have different file format renditions, and be managed through its life cycle in similar ways. Second, it promised a single platform for all of this content.
Over time, ECM evolved. New technologies were added to these platforms, like records management. Web pages and rich media were now being defined as “records.” At the same time, the way in which documents, web pages, and rich media were being used in an organization started to change as well. It became harder and harder to manage content from a single platform due to the drastic differences in their use cases. So, in all but the most basic use cases, WCM and DAM moved away from ECM. EDM could have re-emerged, but it didn’t. ECM had taken on a new meaning.
ECM Platform or ECM Principles
To vendors, ECM had become a definition of that technology space. They were ECM vendors, just like SAP is an enterprise resource planning (ERP) vendor and Salesforce is a customer relationship management (CRM) vendor. That first message of ECM had changed, however. The platforms were more focused on documents and not the more generic content. Web content or rich media were separate again. Yet, the vendor promise of a single repository, now for all the documents in a company, still remained.
To practitioners, ECM had become less about a single platform but more about standard principles. ECM is about the management of enterprise content. It looks at all content in an organization, be it physical documents, born digital documents, web pages, rich media, and now even social content. The principle acknowledges that all content has business value, a purpose, and may be tied to regulations. The focus is now on the call for an enterprise approach to managing all this content, regardless of how and where it is stored.
The ECM Rift
Back to today: The acknowledgement of a single platform for enterprise content has never worked, which came as no surprise. Most practitioners have been pointing to the fallacy of a single repository for years. ECM platforms had stopped being used to manage web pages and rich media years ago. In fact, documents have started to move outside of their traditional platforms and into line of business and operational content solutions, like contract life cycle management. Gartner’s statement conceded the single-vendor repository but also made the strong stance that ECM was dead. Many feel it was not Gartner’s position to rename an industry, and they took exception to it.
The Importance of Labels
AIIM Chief Evangelist John Mancini said, “It doesn’t matter what we call it [ECM]. It matters how customers use it.” As everyone that has ever been involved in an ECM project knows, ECM has its own vocabulary. So exactly what we call it truly hasn’t mattered. ECM has made it easier for us to identify what it is to others.
Gartner’s statement finally put a light on what many have known about ECM. It has become a supporting functionality for other applications. This is a major shift that may require a new market definition. If so, shouldn’t this be a discussion by the industry at large? Should the new term be easier to comprehend by new users? How do the principles associated with ECM relate to information management or information governance? Do we encompass other applications that are now managing more content?
I know I’m in the minority… but I think a change is long over due! The naming convention is probably wrong (sorry Gartner.. not super catchy)… but fundamentally I agree with Gartner (Forrester, and AIIM as well)… that ECM (as a monolithic repository, RIM focused, vendor approach) is dead. It’s been replaced by a desire for business value and content solutions… light, flexible, API driven, ad-hoc solutions. That’s what customers have been demanding for some time now.
Does it need a new name – maybe/maybe not. But philosophically I think we’re clearly entering a new era of Content management.
Well, I believe the changes in any tech is driven by business dynamics. As an organization, you need to evaluate which ECM technology is apt for your business needs. Be it ECM, Content Services, EIM or IIM?
Read this to deep dive into each of these here http://www.newgensoft.com/blog/ecm-dead-long-live/
Varun Mittal, Newgen
Thanks for you comments.
I agree that things are changing in ECM but as a market definition it’s hard to describe a moving target. Content Services, a.k.a Enterprise Content Management a.k.a. Document Management, has changed yet again, but most business users don’t understand what we do. The close you get to line of business the more the titles change. Looking at Contract Life Cycle Management, Employee On-Boarding, or Accounts Receivable Processing solutions and you see how Content Services is already loosing the battle. In fact, even the analysts have forgotten it, if you read my latest piece, Why Are We Grading Content Solutions on a Curve?, even the analysts have forgotten what content services are and the principals of information governance.
Database have gone similar evolutions yet have not gone through such drastic naming changes. Database still maters. Yet in ECM we have no common platform that says, Content Services, Enterprise Content Management, Digital Asset Management and Web Content Management are all types of Document Management.
But the customers are the ones that matter. I have yet to hear one say they need “Content Services.”